Mrs Smith's Science Classes
Schenck HS Science
East Millinocket, ME 04430
United States
ph: 207-227-0124
alt: 407-414-9951
jsmith
Advanced Biology
Advanced Biology is an inquiry-based instruction with specific scientific concepts. This refers to the diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence derived from their work. Students will develop knowledge and understanding of scientific ideas, as well as an understanding of how scientists study the natural world (BVSD, 2012).
Carbohydrate Lab
Teaching is what one person does to another, while learning is something we can only do for ourselves and involves far more than thinking. Learning involves your whole personality: its’ senses, feelings, intuition, beliefs, values and will (skillsyouneed.com, 2018).
How to use this site
- If you are absent from class, please scroll down to the current month and look for a current lesson.
- Make a choice: Read the information, watch a video if one is posted, or watch a slideshow - Complete a Cornell Notes activity on what your watched or read.
- If there is an assignment attached, then complete the assignment and pass that in or email your work to me.
- You can also go to: googleclassroom.com and find a lesson there.
- Email me with any questions you may have and/or submit assignment via email or share on googleclassroom to: jsmith@emmm.org
*Instructional Lab teachers, please see me for modifications to assignments that you feel may be needed.
*Don't forget to check into your googleclassroom.com for updates on assignments, messages from me, and access to the Maine State Library!
September
- We will watch the video: Matter and Energy by Khan Academy
- We will review the syllabus and what is expected from student and teacher
- We will discuss and practice writing scientific papers using APA format
- We will prepare to keep a scientific portfolio
- We will examine the Cornell Notes format and complete the first set together
- We will participate in a training of safety in the laboratory
- We will log into googleclassroom.com and practice using this site
- We will begin our studies
Transmission of Diseases
If you missed this class, watch the following videos:
What are pathogens? by Fuse School - Global Education
Infectious vs Non-Infectious Disease by James Dundon
Pathogen : Disease Transmission and Survival by James Dundon
- Read the following experiment on Simulating the Spread of an Infectious Disease
- Submit a two page paper, in APA format (includes citations) that describes the experiment, its purpose, the results and a conclusion that includes your research on this topic.
- Submit this paper as soon as you return to school or attach it to an email to me ASAP.
Understanding Diseases PowerPoint or Google Slide Presentation
- Choose an infectious disease from this list or research your own
- Create a powerpoint presentaation with a minimum of 20 slides
- Include the differences between infectious and non-infectious diseases
- Identify the type of germ and they way it spreads
- Explain how the body defends itself against this disease
- Describe the symptoms, treatment, and prevention for this disease
- Who discovered this disease and how was it discovered
- Research a true life situation refering to your disease and share this story in your presentation
Rubric for Presentation
(Follow the Instructions above and this rubric)
Send your completed presentation as an "attachment" to me.
October
Life's Home: The Cell
Chapter 4 in your textbook
Complete: Pg 38 in your Workbook #'s 1-10
If you do not have access to your books, then complete the worksheet here and research the web to complete it.
Watch the video below and take notes!
Anatomy & Physiology Cell Structure and Function Overview for Students
by RegisteredNurseRN Published on Jul 15, 2015
- If you have missed this section, use the list of organelles below and research each of the organelles to find what disorders or diseases are related to it and the human body.
- LIst the organelle and describe it in a few sentences
- Find a disease or disorder of the organelle and describe it. Include the proper name of the disease and how it effects the body.
- Is there a cure? If so, how?
Organelle LIst
- Cell Membrane
- Ribosome
- Gogi Body
- Lysosome
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Mitochondria
- Nucleolus
- Cytoplasm
- A good resource: cellmembraneisawesome and nih.gov
November/December
The Cell Membrane
Watch the videos below:
- The Cell Membrane by Bozeman Science
- Cell Membrane Overview by Khan Academy
Review the information below:
Complete the following worksheet and use the image and slides below to help answer some of the questions:
Structure of the Cell Membrane image by Socratic
Extracellular Fluid Membrane Image by Socratic
Open the Membrane PowerPoint by Mrs. E's Biology Site
Correct any errors you find in the presentation (on a piece of paper).
Review of the Cell Membrane
Videos:
The Plasma Membrane by JCCCvideo
Transport Across Cell Membranes by Bozeman Science
Assignment:
Chapter 5 Starts on page 92
- Write the vocabulary word given below
- Write the definition
- Write a sentence using the term in a scientific manner (not using the definition you wrote)
- Hand draw an image of the term
- You must use citations for any work that is not your own
- Phospholipid Bilayer
- Cholesterol
- Proteins
- Glycocalx
- Integral Proteins
- Peripheral Proteins
- Receptor Proteins
- Transport Proteins
- Plasma Membrane
- Fluid Mosaic Model
Tonicity, Osmosis, & the Cell
Video: Osmosis.mp4 by CCSpaceScienceCenter
Complete the worksheet below:
Cell Membrane and Transport Worksheet by Biology Corner
Osmosis Egg Lab by XoletteScience
*There is a mistake in calculating the percent change in this video. Percent Change = (Final Mass - Orginal Mass) / Orignal Mass.
subtract the original number from the new number, and then divide that difference by the original number and multiply by 100 to get a percent. For example, a change from 5 to 6 has a difference of 1, divided by the original 5 is 0.2, which is a 20 percent change when multiplied by 100.
Experiment with the following egg osmosis lab or complete the worksheet below using the data in the lab video above.
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate what happens when an animal cell is exposed to varying osmotic conditions
Questions:
- What happens when a cell is subjected to a solution where the water concentration is higher than that inside a cell (hypotonic solution)?
- What happens when a cell is subjected to a solution where the water concentration is lower than that inside a cell (hypertonic solution)?
- What happens when a cell is subjected to a solution where the water concentration is equal to that inside a cell (isotonic solution)?
The cell is like a salty sea that is mostly water. The cell membrane in an animal cell is both a protective barrier and a filter to keep unwanted materials out and bring needed materials inside. Water can move freely through the cell membrane with osmosis. So can small molecules such as sodium and calcium ions. Large molecules like polysaccharides and proteins need assistance in moving through the cell membrane. In this experiment, you will be looking at the movement of water.
Weigh your egg and record the data. Soak the egg in vinegar until it dissolves the hard shell and leaves a soft outer covering that acts like the cell membrane of a cell.
Materials:
- Egg
- Plastic cup
- Water
- Gatorade
- Corn syrup
Procedure:
Day 1
Mark the cup with a sharpie with your class day and name or initials, and the first soaking solution (water, Gatorade, or corn syrup).
Take one egg from the soaking container. The egg should be rinsed under the tap and gently patted dry.
Weigh the egg and place the egg in the container. (The egg’s weight must be identified with the solution in order for the experiment to work).
Record weight in the table in the data section.
Gently pour a solution into the container so that the egg is covered to about ¾. Record the weight in your lab book.
Let sit.
Day 2
Take the egg gently out of the container, rinse gently under tap water, pat dry, and weigh.
Record weight in the table in your lab book.
Dispose of water down the drain.
Then exchange the liquid for the Gatorade. Let sit.
Day 3
Take the egg gently out of the container, rinse gently under tap water, pat dry, and weigh.
Record weight in the table in your lab book.
Dispose of Gatorade down the drain.
Then exchange the liquid for the corn syrup. Let sit.
Day 4
Take the egg gently out of each container, rinse gently under tap water, pat dry, and weigh.
Record weight in the table in your lab book.
DO NOT put corn syrup down the drain.
Dispose of eggs, used cups and corn syrup in the garbage can
Student worksheet
Pre-Lab Definitions:
Diffusion –
Osmosis –
Hypotonic solution-
Hypertonic solution –
Isotonic solution –
Pre-Lab Predictions:
What will happen to the weight of the egg in corn syrup? Why?
What will happen to the weight of the egg in the water? Why?
What will happen to the weight of the egg in the vinegar? Why?
Soaking Solution | Weight start (grams) | Weight end (grams) | Difference in Weight (end-start) | % Change in Weight* |
Water | ||||
Gatorade | ||||
Corn Syrup |
* Calculate % Change in Weight = Difference in Weight x 100%
Weight start
Note that % Change in Weight can be negative or positive
Analysis Questions:
Create a bar graph of the percentage of weight change for EACH material
How did the results compare to your pre-lab predictions?
In a controlled experiment, you should only change one variable and you hold others constant. List three variables you held constant during this experiment.
Which of the solutions was hypertonic? What is your evidence?
Which of the solutions was hypotonic? What is your evidence?
A student’s experiment showed that her egg gained mass overnight with the vinegar and distilled water. She had about a +1% change for vinegar and a +10% change for distilled water. She had hypothesized that the egg’s mass would not change significantly with vinegar. She concluded that her hypothesis about vinegar was not supported (because it did change in mass). Her teacher told her that the data indicated that her hypothesis was supported, especially with the 10% change for the distilled water. What did the teacher mean?
What is the biggest source of error for the lab? (student’s writing down numbers wrong, calculating, or using the wrong scale do not count)
Active Transport APA Paper
Use valid websites (.gov and/.org) to research material and use videos (valid science videos) to complete a 750 word paper in APA format on the active transport process in the plasma membrane.
Suggestions:
Basic Chemistry for Biology Review
If you were absent for the first class, complete the following vocabulary work:
- Write the word
- Define the word
- Create a sentence in your own words, using the word in the correct context (it must refer to its application in science)
- Any information used that you "borrowed" from anyone, anywhere else, must be cited
- Hand draw an image
Vocabulary Words
- Atom
- Nucleus
- Electron
- Element
- Isotope
- Compound
- Ionic Bond
- Ion
- Covalent Bond
- Molecule
- Van der Waals Forces
January/February
Progression of Study: The Big Picture
Click here to read our progression of study, which links our studies and activities together, forming the Big Picture of what we are learning and why we are learnig these specific biological science lessons.
Macromolecules
Videos:
Biomolecules by the Ameoba Sisters
Carbohydrates by Bozeman Science
Review of the Cell Theory (The core principle of Biology): Original and Modern Versions:
Cell Theory is the core principle of Biology. Formulation of this theory is due to the work of German scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and Rudolph Virchow. The Cell Theory states that:
- Energy flow occurs within cells.
- Heredity information, DNA, is passed on from cell to cell.
- All cells have the same basic (not exact) chemical composition.
Additionally, we will learn that gene theory, evolution, homeostatis and the laws of thermodynamics are also principles that form the basic foundation for the study of life (biology).
*paraphrased from www.thought.com
Understanding CHONPS, Nutrition and Macromolecules in All Living Organisms
Carbohydrates and Lipids
Watch the video: Carbohydrates by Bozeman Science
Read the following on Carbohydrates from Khan Academy
Watch the following video on Lipids by Bozman Science
Read the following on Lipids by Khan Academy
Take notes and/or use these sites to answer the questions on the worksheet below:
The Macromolecules: Carbohydrates and Lipids
Testing Foods: Click here to view our carbohydrate and lipid lab
Proteins and Nucleic Acids
Watch the following video on Proteins by Bozeman Science
Read the following Introduction to Proteins and Amino Acids by Khan Academy
- Use the list found HERE (Proteins) to create flash cards and add images where applicable (some images have been given to you on the worksheet.
Nucleic Acids
Watch the following video by Bozeman Science: What is DNA?
- Take notes and submit them by email as an attachment, through googleclassroom, or hand them in.
- Complete the worksheet (click here). Answers are in your textbook: Chapter 3.6
Create a macromolecule Foldable
March/April
Enzymes and Catalysts
Watch the video on enzymes by Bozman Science
Read Intro to Enzymes part one by Khan Academy and Intro to Enzymes Part two
Complete the attached Enzyme worksheet: Answers are in your textbook:
Investigating Enzymes: Lab
Click here to see the lab we completed in class
Follow the instructions below to complete the lab report:
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Watch the video: Introduction to Photosynthesis by Frank Gregorio
Learning Objectives (from Pheonix.edu):
- Define autotroph and photosynthesis
- Explain the processes of aerobic cellular respiration, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphoryation
- Discuss the process of anaerobic respiration through fermentation
- Germinate millet seeds under experimental conditions
- Measure respiration reates as a function of water displaceent by germinated and dormant millet seeds
- Graphically analyze experimental data
- Begin a keynote or google slide presentation on respiration. Start with photsynthesis and follow the instructions attached below. Your presentation will ongoing, continuing with cellular respiration and a lab experiment, using your photos taken during the experiement.
Photosynthesis section of presentation
ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is considered by biologists to be the energy currency of life. It is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do by converting to ADP (adenosine diphosphate).
- The structure of ATP has an ordered carbon compound as its backbone, but it is the triphosphate that is the critical portion of ATP.
- There are three phosphorus groups connected by oxygens to each other and also side oxygens which are connected to the phosphorous atoms.
- Each of these oxygens has a negative charge, repelling each other, trying to escape, which creates a lot of potential energy.
The Big Picture:
ATP Synthase: Synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the linking together of two molecules. Synthase creates ATP, but it is more than "just a protein." It is a "complex of Proteins" consisting of a transmembrane pump and two linked motors, which rotate.
Different forms of ATP Synthase are found in baceria and in membranes of mitochondria and plant chloroplasts. As protons cross the membrane, down a concentration gradient, one motor turns, driving an axle that turns the other ------> (yielding) ATP. This axle rotates 150x sec.
When motors are thrown into reverse, ATP is hydrolysed, thus providing energy to pump protons against an electrochemical gradient. We make and recycle our body weight in ATP every day!
*Focus protein:ATP synthase/http://bigpictureeducation.com
http://slideplayer.com/slide/8602930/cellmembrane
ADP: Adenosine Diphosphate
ADP is the result of a conversion from ATP that yields a crucial reaction for the supplying of energy for life processes. The result liberates about 7.3 kilocalories per mole, about the same as the energy in a single peanut!
Conversion from ATP to ADP
Referred to as: hydrolysis of ATP because this reaction involves a water molecule
ATP + H2O ———-> ADP + Pi
Pi is H3PO4, commonly referred to as P𝑖 or inorganic phosphorous
and bound to a pentose sugar (ribose), which is attached to a purine base (adenine)
Watch the slideshow below and take key information to add to your powerpoint:
If you are not sure what to consider key points, use the Cornell Notes to help you.
Beginning Cellular Respiration Lab
Cellular respiration is the consumption of oxygen by a cell within a living organism.
"In plant seeds, the cellular respiration does not occur until the seed has absorbed moisture and released stored starches that can then be metabolized into energy for the purpose of growth" (Reference.com/cellularrespiration, 2019).
We will begin the stages of cellular respiration by germinating millet seeds.
medcraveonline.com
Cellular Respiration Experimental Lab
- Germinating seeds and using them to compare rates of cellular respiration as a function of germination
- It will take 2-4 days for seeds to germinate
- Germinating seeds must be kept moist and in a dark, warm space
- Label your petri dish with name, date, and time
- Take a photo
Cellular Respiration Section 1: Add to Your Slideshow
Cellular Respiration Section 2: Add to Your Slideshow
Cellular Respiration Lab Part II
Materials Needed:
- Distilled water Yellow food coloring Small metric ruler Tweezers
- Glass beaker 100ml Test tubes 2 Well plate Permanent marker
- Camera Desk lamp 100 W incandescent light bulb Pen/Pencil
- Paper towels Clear tape Safety gogles Millet seeds not germinated
- Millet seeds germinated Stirrer rod Gloves NaOH 0.5 M; 0.5ml in pipet
Continue with steps 19 through 29 taken from www.HOLscience.com; Hands-On Labs, Inc.
- Use your lab assistant to log in time, result, and observations. Answer the questions on the back page of your lab assistant.
- Complete the following work and add it to your slide presentation.
- Add your lab work, pictures and results to your slide presentation.
- Turn in your final slide show presentations.
Watch the Video if you have access:
AEROBIC vs ANAEROBIC DIFFERENCE by Dorian Wilson
In biology, oxygen is an odd thing. Most organisms need it to survive, and use it to process energy more efficiently. However, at the same time, oxygen can be corrosive; in the same way that it can cause metal to rust, too much oxygen in a cell can cause the cell to degrade and fall apart if the oxygen isn't used up fast enough. For this reason, cells are often classified as aerobes and anaerobes. Whether a cell is an aerobe or anaerobe depends on whether or not that cell can process oxygen – and as a result, what type of respiration that cell uses. A cell with anaerobic biology, for example, will use anaerobic respiration, while a cell with aerobic biology will use the oxygen-enhanced aerobic respiration. The bulk of respiration will occur after glycosis begins, and it is distinguished by whether or not oxygen is used to break the products of glycosis down further.
The Three Stages of Cellular Respiration
(There are no questions listed on the notes, so please summerize the three stages and add images to your slide show.)
https://www.slideshare.net/stubeck/ap-biology-the-stages-of-cellular-respiration-ch-7
Conclusion to Cellular Respiration
"All living things run on energy. If the organism is a plant or autotrophic microbe, the energy comes from sunlight. For all other forms of life, energy is extracted from nutrients through the reactions of metabolism--cellular respiration" (scienceprofonline).
It doesn't matter whether the original form of energy is sunlight or food, ultimately it must be converted to the cellular energy known as adenosine triphosphate or ATP.
This conversion occurs through three different pathways: glycolysis, Kreb's cycle (citric acid) and the ETC (electron transport chain).
There are many ETCs that are housed in the cell's membrane and run continuously, producing energy for the survival of the cell.
*http://www.scienceprofonline.com/metabolism/electron-transport-chain-cellular-respiration.html
May/June
Genetics and Cell Division
Chapter 9
In Class Only Dry Lab:
Animal Mitosis Microslides and Workbook
Human Reproduction and Workbook
Complete the activities below:
http://slideplayer.com/slide/4087108/
Onion Cells Activity - Biology Corner
Cheek Cell Activity - Biology Corner
Dr.Jockers.com
Progression of Study Continued: The Big Picture
Click here to read our progression of study, which links our studies and activities together, forming the Big Picture of what we are learning and why we are learnig these specific biological science lessons.
Germline DNA
These are the DNA in germ cells (egg and sperm cells that join to form an embryo). Germline DNA is the source of DNA for all other cells in the body. Also called constitutional DNA.
Germline mutations are hereditary in nature, since they occur in the gametes which participate in fertilization. Thus, the death of the parent organism where the mutation originally occurred will not erase the mutation, since it has already been passed down to future generations.
Somatic mutations cannot be transferred to succeeding generations, since such mutations don't occur in the cells involved in fertilization, i.e., the sperm and ovum. However, these mutations are transferred to daughter cells (cells formed after division). These mutations exist until the death of the parent cell where they originally occurred, or that of the daughter cells if any, or the death of the organism itself.
*https://biologywise.com/germline-mutation-vs-somatic-mutation
http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/mMeiosis/images/LifeCycle300.jpg
Introduction to Genetics
Mendel/youtube.com
Please open the link above, read the presentation and answer all questions!
Also: Practice Problems; sex linked genes
Introduction to Genetics Lecture Notes by basicbiology.net
Introduction to Genetics video by FrankGregorio
Chapter 11 Mendel's Discoveries worksheet click here:
Activity: Chapter 11 Page 206-207
Essay: Scanning Genomes for Disease Markers
- Directions: Read the essay on pages 206-207: Discuss the essay in your own words and include one meaningful pro and con you find in this essay.
Chapter 12 Units of Heredity
Why is this important?
The transmission of traits from generation to generation affects your appearance, your behavior,and your health. Understanding how these traits are inherited is important in understanding traits you may pass on to a future generation (Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics, http://www.lachsa.net/ourpages/auto/2016/4/20/57318737/Chapter%2012.pdf).
Watch the slideplayer presentation by Mr. Chapman Biology 30, "Genes, Heredity, and Punnett Squares"
Chapter 12 Worksheet: Click Here: Units of Heredity
Pedigree and Genetic Analysis by https://www.slideserve.com/joy/pedigrees-genetic-analysis
Watch the slidserve presentation: Click Here
Karyotyping
quora.com
Karyotyping is a laboratory procedure that allows your doctor to examine your set of chromosomes. “Karyotype” also refers to the actual collection of chromosomes being examined. Examining chromosomes through karyotyping allows your doctor to determine whether there are any abnormalities or structural problems within the chromosomes (Healthline, https://www.healthline.com/health/karyotyping).
Karyotype and Idiogram Slideshow by easybiology class.com: click here
Go to: www.biology.arizona.edu
and open the karyotyping activity worksheet: click here
Final Exam Day: Dissection!
Sheep Organs
pinterest.com
Have a great summer!
Schenck HS Science
East Millinocket, ME 04430
United States
ph: 207-227-0124
alt: 407-414-9951
jsmith